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<article data-uid="Cmd-NcOptimization">
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<h1 id="nc優化">NC優化</h1>
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<p>組態在NC仿真前設定，然後執行<strong>輸出優化NC檔</strong>指令。</p>
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<p>可同時參考閱讀說明章節<a class="xref" href="../../optimization/index.html">NC優化</a>。</p>
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<h2 id="組態">組態</h2>
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<div class="NOTE">
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<h5>Note</h5>
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<p><strong>指令格式</strong></p>
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<pre><code class="lang-csharp">OptEnableFeedrate = <布林值>;
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OptEnableInterpolation = <布林值>;
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OptRapidFeed_mmdmin = <實數>;
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OptMinFeedrate_mmdmin = <實數>;
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OptMaxFeedrate_mmdmin = <實數>;
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OptMaxAcceleration_mmds2 = <實數>;
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OptExtendedPreDistance_mm = <實數>;
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OptExtendedPostDistance_mm = <實數>;
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OptSpindlePowerSafetyFactor = <實數>;
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OptSpindleTorqueSafetyFactor = <實數>;
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OptThermalYieldSafetyFactor = <實數>;
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OptPreferedForce_N = <實數>;
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</code></pre>
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</div>
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<ul>
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<li><p><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptEnableFeedrate">OptEnableFeedrate</a><small>(API)</small>：啟用順序式(Sequential)進給率優化。</p>
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<p>順序式係指該功能從下指令開始作用。與其相對的設定在刀具端，刀具端也能設定進給率優化，但是在裝刀時才會發揮作用。</p>
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<p><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptEnableFeedrate">OptEnableFeedrate</a><small>(API)</small>與所有其他啟用進給率優化的指令需同時為真，進給率優化才會啟用。
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即與刀具設定端必須同時為真(true)，進給率優化才會啟用。</p>
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<p><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptEnableFeedrate">OptEnableFeedrate</a><small>(API)</small>預設值為真。</p>
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</li>
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<li><p><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptEnableInterpolation">OptEnableInterpolation</a><small>(API)</small>：優化程序用重新插補。</p>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<p>重新插捕後NC碼會增加，可以更好地控制加減速。</p>
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<ul>
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<li><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptFeedrateAssignmentRatio">OptFeedrateAssignmentRatio</a><small>(API)</small>：進給賦值倍率。</li>
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</ul>
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<p>當優化程序用重新插補並且進給率變化超過進給賦值倍率時，系統會依據<a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptMaxAcceleration_mmds2">OptMaxAcceleration_mmds2</a><small>(API)</small>插入附帶進給率指令的NC碼。</p>
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<p>進給賦值倍率越小，插補點越密集。進給賦值倍率越大，則偏離優化標的的程度越大。</p>
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<p>在改進給賦值倍率的同時也要對應加大安全係數。
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進給賦值倍率若是0.01，就是1%，每變更1%進給率就會給個新的插補點。
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如果改大，比方說10%，可能會變成該處理論值應該是F100，可是優化後卻是F110，所以要配合安全係數修改。</p>
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<ul>
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<li><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptRapidFeed_mmdmin">OptRapidFeed_mmdmin</a><small>(API)</small>：優化程序中的無切削區域進給率。單位mm/min。</li>
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</ul>
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<p>沒有切到工件的NC路徑，為無切削區域。優化後該路徑將採用無切削區域進給率。</p>
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<ul>
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<li><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptMinFeedrate_mmdmin">OptMinFeedrate_mmdmin</a><small>(API)</small>：優化程序中的有切削區域最小進給。單位mm/min。</li>
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<li><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptMaxFeedrate_mmdmin">OptMaxFeedrate_mmdmin</a><small>(API)</small>：優化程序中的有切削區域最大進給。單位mm/min。</li>
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</ul>
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<p>有切到工件的NC路徑，為有切削區域。有切削區域的最大最小進給的設定通常依據經驗法則。</p>
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<ul>
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<li><p><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptMaxAcceleration_mmds2">OptMaxAcceleration_mmds2</a><small>(API)</small>：優化程序中的加減速限制。優化後NC碼的F值變化在該限制之內。單位 <span class="math">\(mm/s^2\)</span>。</p>
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</li>
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<li><p><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptExtendedPreDistance_mm">OptExtendedPreDistance_mm</a><small>(API)</small>：優化程序中的有切削區域等效計算的前長度。單位mm。</p>
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</li>
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<li><p><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptExtendedPostDistance_mm">OptExtendedPostDistance_mm</a><small>(API)</small>：優化程序中的有切削區域等效計算的後長度。單位mm。</p>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<figure>
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<img src="ExtendedDistance.png" alt="ExtendedDistance">
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<figcaption>優化程序中的有切削區域等效計算的長度</figcaption>
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</figure>
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<ul>
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<li><p><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptSpindlePowerSafetyFactor">OptSpindlePowerSafetyFactor</a><small>(API)</small>：主軸功率安全係數。</p>
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<p>於優化後的NC碼，主軸功率將盡可能趨近於目標值。</p>
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<p>設為0則忽略此限制。</p>
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</li>
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<li><p><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptSpindleTorqueSafetyFactor">OptSpindleTorqueSafetyFactor</a><small>(API)</small>：主軸扭力安全係數。</p>
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<p>優化後的NC碼，主軸扭力將盡可能趨近於目標值。</p>
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<p>設為0則忽略此限制。</p>
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</li>
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<li><p><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptThermalYieldSafetyFactor">OptThermalYieldSafetyFactor</a><small>(API)</small>：刀刃熱降伏安全係數。</p>
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<p>刀刃表面溫度超過一定值時，刀刃表面會因溫差產生的壓力造成塑性變形。</p>
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<p>優化後的NC碼，刀刃表面度將盡可能趨近於目標值。</p>
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<p>設為0則忽略此限制。</p>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<div class="NOTE">
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<h5>Note</h5>
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<p><strong>目標值算法</strong></p>
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<p>目標值 = 100% / 安全係數</p>
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</div>
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<ul>
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<li><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptPreferedForce_N">OptPreferedForce_N</a><small>(API)</small>：優化程中的目標力。單位N。
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在符合所有限制的條件下，優化程序中的加工路徑產生的力會盡可能的趨近目標力。</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 id="限制的優先序">限制的優先序</h2>
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<p>在有切削區域中：</p>
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<p><strong>進給率的直接限制</strong> 優先於 <strong>加減速限制</strong>(<a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptMaxAcceleration_mmds2">OptMaxAcceleration_mmds2</a><small>(API)</small>) 優先於 <strong>基於物理特性算出的限制</strong>。</p>
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<ul>
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<li><p><strong>進給率的直接限制</strong> 包含</p>
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<ul>
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<li>腳本指令
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<ul>
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<li><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptMinFeedrate_mmdmin">OptMinFeedrate_mmdmin</a><small>(API)</small></li>
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<li><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptMaxFeedrate_mmdmin">OptMaxFeedrate_mmdmin</a><small>(API)</small></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>刀具設定
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<ul>
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<li>每刃最小進給</li>
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<li>每刃最大進給</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li><p><strong>基於物理特性算出的進給率限制</strong> 包含</p>
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<ul>
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<li>腳本指令
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<ul>
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<li><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptSpindlePowerSafetyFactor">OptSpindlePowerSafetyFactor</a><small>(API)</small></li>
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<li><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptSpindleTorqueSafetyFactor">OptSpindleTorqueSafetyFactor</a><small>(API)</small></li>
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<li><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptThermalYieldSafetyFactor">OptThermalYieldSafetyFactor</a><small>(API)</small></li>
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<li><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptPreferedForce_N">OptPreferedForce_N</a><small>(API)</small></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>刀具設定
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<ul>
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<li>降伏力安全係數</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<p>若同級項目中的限制有衝突，則採取其中的最低進給率。</p>
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<h2 id="nc碼中的優化腳本指令">NC碼中的優化腳本指令</h2>
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<h3 id="於指定nc行不啟用優化">於指定NC行不啟用優化</h3>
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<p>在執行 <a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_Preserve_">Preserve</a><small>(API)</small>() 的NC行中，不啟用優化。</p>
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<div class="TIP">
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<h5>Tip</h5>
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<p><strong>指令範例</strong></p>
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<p>在 <code>N0140</code> 行不啟用優化。</p>
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<pre><code class="lang-nc">...
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N0130 X-1.965 Y17.053
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N0140 G03 X-2.66 Y38.193 I-103.796 J7.172 (;@Preserve();)
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N0150 G01 X-3.068 Y40.776
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...
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</code></pre>
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</div>
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<h3 id="於指定nc範圍不啟用優化">於指定NC範圍不啟用優化</h3>
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<p>使用<a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_BeginPreserve_">BeginPreserve</a><small>(API)</small>()的NC行及<a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_EndPreserve_">EndPreserve</a><small>(API)</small>()的NC行及包含的NC範圍，不啟用優化。</p>
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<div class="TIP">
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<h5>Tip</h5>
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<p><strong>指令範例</strong></p>
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<p>在 <code>N0140</code>、<code>N0150</code>、<code>N0160</code> 行不啟用優化。</p>
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<pre><code class="lang-nc">...
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N0130 X-1.965 Y17.053
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N0140 G03 X-2.66 Y38.193 I-103.796 J7.172 (;@BeginPreserve();)
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N0150 G01 X-3.068 Y40.776
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N0160 X-3.555 Y43.338 (;@EndPreserve();)
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N0170 X-4.125 Y45.875
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...
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</code></pre>
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</div>
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<h2 id="優化日誌">優化日誌</h2>
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<p>優化過程提供兩種日誌功能，方便分析與除錯。</p>
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<h3 id="優化過程日誌檔">優化過程日誌檔</h3>
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<p><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_EnableIndividualStepAdjustmentLog_">EnableIndividualStepAdjustmentLog</a><small>(API)</small>：啟用優化過程日誌檔輸出。預設為真。</p>
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<p>啟用後，優化過程會為每個NC檔輸出一個 <code>.flatproc.log</code> 檔案，記錄各步階的優化條件經<a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptExtendedPreDistance_mm">OptExtendedPreDistance_mm</a><small>(API)</small>及<a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptExtendedPostDistance_mm">OptExtendedPostDistance_mm</a><small>(API)</small>展開後獨立優化計算的資訊（不包含步階間的交互關係，如加減速）。</p>
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<p>日誌檔案內容依步階順序輸出（即使平行計算時也會保持順序），每行包含：</p>
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<ul>
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<li>原始NC行位置與步階索引</li>
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<li>各項優化限制的計算結果，例如：
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<ul>
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<li><code>FrtByPreferedForce_mm</code>: 依目標力計算的每刃進給</li>
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<li><code>FrtByYieldingStressRatio_mm</code>: 依降伏應力比計算的每刃進給</li>
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<li><code>FrtBySpindleTorqueRatio_mm</code>: 依主軸扭力比計算的每刃進給</li>
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<li><code>FrtBySpindlePowerRatio_mm</code>: 依主軸功率比計算的每刃進給</li>
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<li><code>FrtByThermalYieldingRatio_mm</code>: 依熱降伏比計算的每刃進給</li>
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<li><code>FrtByReliefAngle_mm</code>: 依餘隙角碰撞計算的每刃進給</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<h3 id="嵌入式日誌註解">嵌入式日誌註解</h3>
|
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<p><a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptEnableEmbeddedLog_">OptEnableEmbeddedLog</a><small>(API)</small>：啟用嵌入式日誌註解。預設為真。</p>
|
||
<p>啟用後，優化後的NC檔中會在NC行後方加上 <code>(src(...))</code> 註解，包含：</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><code>LineNo</code>: 原始NC檔的行號</li>
|
||
<li><code>StepIndex</code>: 對應的步階索引</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>例如：<code>G01 X10.0 Y20.0 F500 (src(LineNo: 140, StepIndex: 256))</code></p>
|
||
<p>此功能方便對照原始NC碼與優化後的NC碼，並可追蹤每行NC碼對應的步階資訊。</p>
|
||
<div class="NOTE">
|
||
<h5>Note</h5>
|
||
<p><strong>指令格式</strong></p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-csharp">EnableIndividualStepAdjustmentLog = <布林值>;
|
||
OptEnableEmbeddedLog = <布林值>;
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<h2 id="輸出優化nc檔">輸出優化NC檔</h2>
|
||
<p>使用 <a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_OptimizeToFiles_">OptimizeToFiles</a><small>(API)</small> 方法輸出優化後的NC檔。</p>
|
||
<div class="NOTE">
|
||
<h5>Note</h5>
|
||
<p><strong>指令格式</strong></p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-csharp">OptimizeToFiles(<路徑樣板>);
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p><路徑樣板>支援 <a href="../Doc-Task/index.html#FileTemplate">檔案路徑樣板</a>。</p>
|
||
<div class="TIP">
|
||
<h5>Tip</h5>
|
||
<p><strong>指令範例</strong></p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-csharp">OptEnableFeedrate = true;
|
||
OptEnableInterpolation = true;
|
||
OptRapidFeed_mmdmin = 4000;
|
||
OptMinFeedrate_mmdmin = 100;
|
||
OptMaxFeedrate_mmdmin = 4000;
|
||
OptMaxAcceleration_mmds2 = 10;
|
||
OptExtendedPreDistance_mm = 3;
|
||
OptExtendedPostDistance_mm = 2;
|
||
OptSpindlePowerSafetyFactor = 1.5;
|
||
OptSpindleTorqueSafetyFactor = 1.5;
|
||
OptThermalYieldSafetyFactor = 0;
|
||
OptPreferedForce_N = double.PositiveInfinity;
|
||
PlayNcFile("NC/file1.nc");
|
||
|
||
OptRapidFeed_mmdmin = 8000;
|
||
PlayNcFile("NC/file2.nc");
|
||
|
||
OptimizeToFiles("Cache/Opt-[NcName]");
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>組態設定可以穿插在NC仿真間，將會作用在組態設定後的NC仿真。</p>
|
||
<div class="WARNING">
|
||
<h5>Warning</h5>
|
||
<p>在 <a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningProcs.RuntimeApi.html#Hi_MachiningProcs_RuntimeApi_MachiningStepBuilt">MachiningStepBuilt</a><small>(API)</small> 事件內使用 <a class="xref" href="../../../../../api/Hi.MachiningSteps.MachiningStep.html#Hi_MachiningSteps_MachiningStep_UpdateNcOptOption_">UpdateNcOptOption</a><small>(API)</small> 時，不能與NC碼內嵌優化指令併用，否則可能因平行計算產生未定義行為。</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>以上範例為例，優化後的NC程式file1.nc的無切削區域快速進給為4000，file2.nc則為8000。</p>
|
||
<div class="TIP">
|
||
<h5>Tip</h5>
|
||
<p><strong>NC碼中的優化指令範例</strong></p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-nc">...
|
||
N0110 X-3.064 Y6.378 (;@OptMaxAcceleration_mmds2=10;)
|
||
N0120 X-2.411 Y11.712
|
||
N0130 X-1.965 Y17.053
|
||
N0140 G03 X-2.66 Y38.193 I-103.796 J7.172 (;@Preserve();)
|
||
N0150 G01 X-3.068 Y40.776 (;@OptMaxAcceleration_mmds2=100; OptMaxFeedrate_mmdmin=12000;)
|
||
N0160 X-3.555 Y43.338
|
||
N0170 X-4.125 Y45.875
|
||
...
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>N0110至N0150前，優化區加速度設為10 <span class="math">\(mm/s^2\)</span>；
|
||
N0140單行不做優化；
|
||
N0150及以後，優化區加速度設為100 <span class="math">\(mm/s^2\)</span>；
|
||
N0150及以後，優化區切削區域最大進給設為12000 <span class="math">\(mm/min\)</span>；</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
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|
||
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