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<article data-uid="Wear">
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<h1 id="tool-life-and-wear">Tool Life and Wear</h1>
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<p>There are many modes of cutting edge damage, which can be attributed to instantaneous failure modes, including tool breakage and thermal cracking, see <a href="machinability.html">this article</a>; while for modes attributed to long-term consumption failure, <u>it is recommended to use <strong>flank wear</strong> as the target for evaluating tool life</u>.</p>
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<p>HiNC adopts the wear model<a id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1" class="footnote-ref"><sup>1</sup></a>:</p>
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<p><span class="math">\(W(T) = \frac{k(T) L P}{H(T)}\)</span></p>
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<p>where W is wear amount, k is wear coefficient, L is contact length, P is pressure, H is hardness, T is temperature.</p>
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<p>HiNC calculates wear including:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Crater Wear</li>
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<li>Flank Wear Width</li>
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<li>Flank Wear Depth</li>
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</ul>
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<p>Here crater wear refers to crater wear depth.</p>
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<p>Flank wear width is most commonly used as an evaluation target in papers because it has measurement standards. In planar motion, tools will wear at the cutting peak first then the flank, so flank wear width can be used to evaluate total wear in laboratory settings.</p>
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<p>However, if the tool has up and down motion during milling, the flank will experience random collisions before the cutting peak is worn out, in which case flank wear width loses its value for evaluating total wear.</p>
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<p>The flank wear width calculated by HiNC assumes no random flank collisions and is only applicable to planar cutting. HiNC retains this value for research purposes.</p>
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<li id="fn:1">
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<p>Lee, R. S, and J. L Jou. “Application of Numerical Simulation for Wear Analysis of Warm Forging Die.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Proceedings of the 6th Asia Pacific Conference on materials Processing, 140, no. 1 (September 22, 2003): 43–48.<a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p>
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