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<article data-uid="Equipment/Coolant">
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<h1 id="coolant">Coolant</h1>
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<p>Models the cutting-zone cooling for the milling temperature FEM. Lives on <a class="xref" href="../../api/Hi.Physics.CoolantHeatCondition.html">CoolantHeatCondition</a><small>(API)</small>; consumed by <a class="xref" href="../../api/Hi.Physics.MillingTemperatureUtil.html">MillingTemperatureUtil</a><small>(API)</small> every simulation step.</p>
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<h2 id="nc-program-drives-the-mode">NC program drives the mode</h2>
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<p>The parser reads M07/M08/M09 into <a class="xref" href="../../api/Hi.Numerical.CoolantMode.html">CoolantMode</a><small>(API)</small> and carries it on every <a class="xref" href="../../api/Hi.MachiningSteps.MachineMotionStep.html">MachineMotionStep</a><small>(API)</small>. The FEM picks the effective convection coefficient at run time from that mode.</p>
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<table>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>M-code</th>
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<th><code>CoolantMode</code></th>
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<th>Coefficient source</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tr>
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<td><code>M08</code></td>
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<td><code>Flood</code></td>
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<td><code>CoolantConvectionCoefficient_Wdm2K</code> (baseline you set)</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>M07</code></td>
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<td><code>Mist</code></td>
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<td>baseline × <code>MistFloodConvectionRatio</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>M09</code></td>
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<td><code>Off</code></td>
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<td><code>OffConvectionCoefficient_Wdm2K</code></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<p>Before the first M07/M08/M09 the mode is <code>UnDefined</code>; the FEM treats it as <code>Off</code>.</p>
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<h2 id="properties">Properties</h2>
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<table>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>Property</th>
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<th>Default</th>
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<th>Notes</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td><code>CoolantTemperature_C</code></td>
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<td>25</td>
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<td>Room temperature inside the enclosure.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>CoolantConvectionCoefficient_Wdm2K</code></td>
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<td>1 000</td>
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<td>Flood baseline. Water-based emulsion ≈ 1 000–3 000, oil ≈ 100–500.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>MistFloodConvectionRatio</code></td>
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<td>0.5</td>
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<td>MQL is roughly half the heat removal of flood. See below.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>OffConvectionCoefficient_Wdm2K</code></td>
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<td>50</td>
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<td>Forced air inside a running enclosure. Natural air ≈ 5–25.</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<h2 id="why-the-mist-ratio-defaults-to-05">Why the mist ratio defaults to 0.5</h2>
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<p>MQL removes much less heat than flood because a thin oil aerosol has a tiny thermal mass; its main value is lubrication plus evaporative cooling, not convection. Industry handbooks place it at <strong>roughly half of flood</strong>, which gives the conservative default <code>0.5</code>. Override it when you have dynamometer / thermocouple data for your own MQL system.</p>
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<div class="NOTE">
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<h5>Note</h5>
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<p>Further reading: UNIST <em>MQL Handbook</em> (source of the “about half” rule), ANEBON mist-vs-flood AISI 1045 tests, Mukesh et al. <em>IEJ</em> May 2023 review on sustainable machining. Use these only to dig deeper — the <code>0.5</code> default is already calibrated from them.</p>
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</div>
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<h2 id="xml">XML</h2>
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<pre><code class="lang-xml"><CoolantHeatCondition>
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<CoolantTemperature_C>25</CoolantTemperature_C>
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<CoolantConvectionCoefficient_Wdm2K>1000</CoolantConvectionCoefficient_Wdm2K>
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<MistFloodConvectionRatio>0.5</MistFloodConvectionRatio>
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<OffConvectionCoefficient_Wdm2K>50</OffConvectionCoefficient_Wdm2K>
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</CoolantHeatCondition>
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</code></pre>
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<p>Omit the last two elements to accept the defaults.</p>
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