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@@ -136,9 +136,23 @@ not by the magnitude of any one coefficient.</p>
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<h2 id="flute-count-is-not-a-lever">Flute Count Is Not a Lever</h2>
<p>Adding more passes with the same symmetric multi-flute cutter buys nothing, at any feed. That
sample subspace is degenerate, and more of it stays degenerate: a set made only of symmetric
four-flute passes cannot derive its own cutter phase, and the fit collapses rather than degrading.
What buys identifiability is spread — in helix angle, and in feed per tooth.</p>
sample subspace is degenerate, and more of it stays degenerate. Evenly spaced flutes also cancel
the rotation-averaged transverse moment a run derives its own cutter phase from, so a set made only
of symmetric passes carries no phase reference of its own. Which way it then fails depends on the
channels measured: with the axial torque channel present the fit still converges and reports a high
correlation over shear coefficients orders of magnitude too large; without it the fit collapses
rather than degrading. Neither outcome is usable, and adding passes repairs neither. What buys
identifiability is spread — in helix angle, and in feed per tooth.</p>
<p>Supplying the phase from outside removes that half of the problem and nothing else.
<a class="xref" href="../../api/Hi.MillingForces.Training.MillingTraining.html#Hi_MillingForces_Training_MillingTraining_EnableCwePhasePairing">EnableCwePhasePairing</a> <small>(API)</small> reads
each step's phase from the engagement blocks instead of bootstrapping it from the samples, for
one-flute and symmetric two-flute cutters in light radial side cuts; outside those preconditions the
training falls back to the bootstrapped path with a warning, so a four-flute set is not rescued by
it. The null a single helix angle leaves is untouched either way.</p>
<p>The shipped smart-holder cut set has exactly this shape: its milling passes are one symmetric
four-flute end mill at two feeds, so the set is spread in feed per tooth alone and does not
determine its own edge and normal shear values — see
<a href="smart-holder-training.html">Smart Holder Training</a>.</p>
<p>Symmetric off-the-shelf cutters are nonetheless sufficient. Custom single-flute grinding is not
required for either fix; a pair of stock two-flute cutters ground at different helix angles carries
the same identifiability, and is what a shop can actually obtain.</p>